Hi, Thanks for having me. My name is Anne Schroeder and I’ve
spent most of my life living around the California Missions that sit beside El Camino Real, The King’s Highway, a former
wagon track that brought Padre Junipero Serra and his motley crew of soldiers
and brave families from Spain.
Life in early California
was clearly a guy’s thing. Back in the day, a true caballero, a highborn Spaniard man, didn’t do anything he couldn’t manage from the back of a horse.
Women rode side saddle, with huge skirts that frightened their mares. There
were two kinds of Spanish horsewomen: Experts and dead.
Spanish papas trotted out their daughters at 14 to bat their
eyelashes over the tops of their fans at eligible bachelors. But no kissing
allowed! Once Papa arranged a marriage, the bride’s job was to start producing a
family. Sisters competed against sister to see who was the most fertile and each
couple often produced 24 or more children. Starting early was the key. Sixteen
was considered a spinster. Too much education was thought to weaken the body,
so girls weren’t taught to read or even to sign their names.
El Camino Real crawled with wild and licentious men looking
for opportunity. Soldiers carried disease from the brothels and prisons of Mexico City. Later, starving
Yanqui gold miners ransacked the land. Indian girls were the only available
females.
As was done to protect the señoritas in their homeland, the
Padres built a rectangular room called a monjerio. Indian girls were taken from
their families at age 8 and taught to conduct themselves like “little
Spaniards,” and to prepare themselves for marriage. When a girl received a
proposal of marriage, she left and took up married life in a small apartment or
a tule hut with her husband. If she never married, she remained in the monjerio
and taught the younger girls.
The girls were locked inside each night. The Padre kept the
key, usually under his pillow so that no one had access until the maestra led the girls to morning prayers.
The maestra was a Spanish woman of
good virtue, a wife of one of the soldiers, who never let the girls out of her
sight. She spent her days overseeing these girls and teaching them to cook,
sew, spin, clean, hoe, wash clothes and keep their bodies immaculate.
The adobe rooms of the monjerio had high adobe walls and
usually only a single window for young Indian men to stand outside until the
girl made up her mind about him. This could take several visits while she
tested his sincerity. The room was crowded and often smelled like a stable, but
the suite usually had a patio with shade trees and a fountain. Mission Santa
Barbara’s was 47 feet by 19 feet and held from 100-150 girls.
Maria Ines, my newly released historical fiction, tells the
story of a Salinan Indian girl from Mission San Miguel Arcángel. She witnesses
the political intrigue and greed of Spanish, Mexican and Yanqui invaders who
plunder California,
destroying everything she loves. She struggles to survive while she reclaims
her family, her faith and her ancestral identity. You can request that your
local library order a copy. My publisher, Gale/Cengage sells to the library
market as well as in bookstores and online. http://anneschroederauthor.com/ or http://anneschroederauthor.blogspot.com/
6 comments:
Welcome to Cowboy Kisses, Anne, especially with such a fascinating post. I realized the upbringing of a Spanish/Mexican maiden was strict but not like this! Thanks for sharing this with us.
Andrea, it was a harsh land and duenos (tilda on the n) were expected to keep the maidens in line. That and papa's wrath. I think it's the same in other parts of the world today. I'm glad I'm a modern gal. Thanks for the comment.
Hi Anne. I've got a question for you on a non sequiter historical woman topic.
Another writer and I disagreed about the rules of nursing a baby during this time period. She had written that a mother sat in a quiet corner in the lobby of the hotel, covered herself with a blanket, and nursed her child.
I don't have the historical knowledge that you possess, but this seems wrong for Caucasian or Spanish culture. Because southern women weren't even supposed to expose their ankles, I wouldn't be surprised if you said women had to stay home until the child was weaned
Do you have any info about nursing etiquette and did it vary by culture?
Good article. Thanks for the insights. Good luck on the book.
BK Froman
The women back then really had to be tough to survive at all!
Dear Unknown, There were no hotels in the Spanish era. The Missions supplied hospitality free of charge to all travelers. The Indians provided all the food, bedding, etc. including food and wine for the journey. In regards to nursing, the sexes were strictly segregated. The women spent their days in the hacienda. When they traveled, a nursing mother would ride in the carreta (ox cart) with her baby. In either case she would nurse in privacy, probably with a blanket thrown over her. I can't imagine a situation where men would be able to encounter a nursing mother. They were extremely modest, naturally and coupled with the strict teachings of the Church.
Brigid, for sure.
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