Saloons and Beer

courtesy of castleg.deviantart.com

When creating a western historical story, I like to present something factual from the era, even something as simple as a warming oven. I also like to have a saloon somewhere in the story. Sometimes, the saloon isn’t an important part of the story. Other times, it is. In Zanna’s Outlaw, Miller’s saloon provided the perfect setting for Buck to watch over the main thoroughfare without being detected. And though Buck and Miller had a love/hate relationship, Miller proved to be a good source for what Buck needed most—information pertaining to Buck’s enemies. In Lydia’s Gunslinger, Miller’s saloon again proved a wealthy source for the hero. Roth made a hefty profit at Miller’s, until Lydia put a stop her gunslinger owning soiled doves. More importantly, the saloon’s back room was a great place for Roth to spy on Lydia’s enemy. Cooper frequented Miller’s daily, giving Roth ample opportunity to plot against him. 

Sawdust covering a wooden floor, brass spittoons flanking a scratched bar, a large, plate glass window adorning the front window and slatted swinging doors thwapping when someone entered or exited; the old west saloon has always captured my attention. Closing my eyes, I can hear boot heels clicking across the floor, the murmur of voices around a poker table and the clinking of glasses. It wasn’t until I wrote the Revolving Point, Texas series did I wonder about the most important thing in a saloon—beer. Who brewed the beer? How was it shipped to the saloon? I was somewhat certain I knew the answer to the latter question, but the author within demanded I know for sure.  

        

courtesy of indianabeer.com

Nathan Lyman was one of the first men to open a brewery in the United States, in Rochester, NY, 1819. After him, breweries sprouted up throughout the century in big cities; Buffalo, Cincinnati, Chicago and Milwaukee to name a few. Ale was the first type of beer brewed, until the German migration to the United States introduced lager beer. Lager beer is lighter compared to ale and Americans liked the taste. They also preferred the new glassware introduced to saloons over the pewter mugs. Marketing strategies were as big back then as they are today. Brewers sent reps to saloons to entice saloon owners to only sell their beer. One of the perks offered was the glassware. Large brewery owners are also credited with opening saloons, with the intent to only sell their beer, as competition was fierce.   

Beer was stored in wooden barrels and shipped to saloons via horse-drawn wagons. I have a replica of one of these wagons on my entertainment center. Two things of interest I didn’t know, and really should put into a story, was some folks brewed their own beer. Others purchased beer from a local saloon to drink in the privacy and comfort of their own homes. Beer was carried in small tin pails known as 'Growlers'. Until now, I had never heard mention of beer having been consumed in homes. Only whiskey. Or sherry, for the ladies. While I’m not one who favors beer, the history behind the making of the drink, the shipping, and the marketing is as fascinating as the saloon itself.
 

Satisfying a Sweet Tooth

by Shanna Hatfield

I often include candy in the stories I write partly because it’s fun to research the history and partly because I have such a sweet tooth, I pass that malady along to some of my characters.

We’ve probably all read stories that include someone in an old West setting enjoying a peppermint, lemon drop, candy stick, chewing gum, or perhaps a licorice whip.

Today, I’d thought it might be fun to highlight a few other vintage candies...

 

Jelly beans

Legend has it that jelly beans are a combination of the soft Middle Eastern treat called Turkish Delight (around for thousands of years) and the hard candy shell of Jordan Almonds (popular since the 17th century). The earliest recorded reference to jelly beans is from Boston candy maker William Schrafft. He urged people to send his jelly beans to Union soldiers fighting in the Civil War. Jelly beans became wide-spread in America by the turn of the century and sold with other penny candies. It wasn’t until the 1930s that jelly beans became firmly entrenched as a must-have for Easter.

Gumdrops

Although the origin of the gumdrop remains a mystery, the term first appeared in print in 1860. The candy was described as a soft gelatin-based candy that stretched like rubber when pulled. Some manufacturers also used a potato-based less stretchy method of producing the sweet at a lower cost. The candy became quite popular at the end of the 19th century. Ohio candy manufacturer Percy Truesdell is credited with developing the modern gumdrop in 1915.

NECCO Wafers

During my years growing up on a farm, I can’t think of a time when my dad didn’t have a roll of these candies around. He most often kept a handful of them in his shirt pocket, but they could be found in his pickup, the tractors, and sometimes even a stash of them in the shop. This was possible thanks to a young English immigrant by the name of Oliver Chase who invented the first American candy cutting machine in 1847- for lozenges. He and his brother Silas Edwin founded Chase and Co., which became the pioneer member of the New England Confectionary Company family. NECCO wafers were originally formulated to give Union solders a burst of energy during the American Civil War. They reportedly worked so well, they were still included in military rations during World War II. The classic product contained 40 wafers in a roll with eight original flavors: lemon, lime, orange, chocolate, cinnamon, licorice, wintergreen, and clove.

Whitman Sampler

Stephen F. Whitman, a 19-year-old Quaker, set up a small "confectionery and fruiterer shoppe" near the Philadelphia waterfront in 1842. He included exotic ingredients brought to him by well-traveled sailors and his candies quickly gained renown across the Northeast. Aware that presentation could be as important to selling his chocolates as the taste, he created beautiful packaging and advertised his sweets. Whitman’s Chocolates became a familiar name through advertisements in newspapers and magazines as early as 1857. His business thrived and expanded. In 1869, Horace Whitman replaced his father as president of the company. He introduced America to cellophane packaging - an astounding material that kept candy fresh, colorful, and clean. By 1907, “better” drug stores carried the boxes of candy on their shelves. In 1911, Walter Sharp took over as president and developed the Whitman's Sampler^®, an assortment of the company's best-selling chocolates. Inspired by a cross-stitched sampler hanging in his home, Sharp worked with an employee to create the sampler that's reproduced on Sampler boxes to this day. By 1915, the Sampler had become America's best-selling box of chocolates.

Candy Corn

George Renninger, a candymaker at the Wunderlee Candy Company in Philadelphia, invented the revolutionary tri-color candy in the 1880s. The Goelitz Confectionery Company brought the candy to the masses at the turn of the century. 

Hershey’s Chocolates

Candy manufacturer Milton Hershey made the decision to try adding chocolate coating to his caramels in 1894. Calling this new enterprise the Hershey Chocolate Company, the company began producing milk chocolate in bars, wafers and other shapes in 1900. With mass production, Hershey was able to lower the per-unit cost and make milk chocolate, once a luxury item for the wealthy, affordable to all. In 1907, the company produced a flat-bottomed, conical milk chocolate candy that Mr. Hershey named Hershey’s Kisses Chocolates. At first, they were individually wrapped in little squares of silver foil, but in 1921 machine wrapping took over that job. Hershey provided milk chocolate bars to American doughboys in the first war. By the end of World War II, more than a billion Ration D bars had been produced and the company had earned no less than five Army-Navy “E” Production Awards for its exceptional contributions to the war effort. In fact, the company’s machine shop even turned out parts for the Navy’s antiaircraft guns.

Tootsie Rolls

In 1896, Leo Hirschfield invented the Tootsie Roll and named it for his daughter, Tootsie. His new hand-rolled candy sold for one penny. By 1905, the candy production moved to a four-story New York City candy manufacturing plant and deliveries were made by horse and buggy.

 

Lollipops

 The beginnings of lollipops go all the way back to the stone age when sticks were inserted into hives and the honey was eaten from the sticks. Fast forward to the 17th century when sugar became more plentiful. The English enjoyed boiled sugar candy treats, inserted on sticks to make it easier to eat. The word lollipop first appeared in print in 1784, referring to a sweet in general, not specifically candy on a stick. Even Charles Dickens included the term in his writings. Reportedly, the term  “lolly pop” literally means “tongue slap.” The word for “tongue” is “lolly” in Northern England and “pop” means “slap.” It is thought London street vendors coined this term as they peddled the treat. In the decade leading up to the Civil War, supposedly the ends of pencils were dipped in candy for children to enjoy while they wrote. (It wasn't until 1858 that pencils were manufactured with erasers on the end). Around the turn of the century, the Bradley Smith Company, the McAviney Candy Company, and the Racine Confectionary Machine Company were all manufacturing candy on sticks. It wasn’t until 1931 when the Bradley Smith Company patented the name “lollipop” for their version of candy on a stick.

In my new release, Lacy, (Pendleton Petticoats, Book 5) Lacy Williams has never had much opportunity to enjoy candy. Grant Hill decides to give her a sampling of the variety of sweets available. 

Here's a little excerpt from their story:

“Do you really not enjoy candy?” He opened the box of chocolates and held it out to her.

“I never said that.” Lacy accepted a piece and took a small bite, savoring the creamy, smooth confection. “It’s just that I’ve never had much candy.”

“That’s because you were too busy eating ancient blood-sucking fish and venomous reptiles.”

Lacy frowned at him as she finished the bite of candy in her mouth. “When you say it like that, it sounds positively horrendous. As I mentioned at the store, Father most often purchased NECCO wafers, so we could each have one. Once in a great while, we might get a lemon drop or a peppermint from a visitor. Tony brought Grandmother a box of chocolates once. It was divine.”

“Personally, I much prefer chocolates or even licorice whips to snakes and rodents.” Grant hid a sarcastic smile by studying the candy in the box he still held. After selecting a piece, he held it out to Lacy. “Here, try this one. It’s my favorite.”

She started to take it from his hand, but he refused to relinquish it, holding it up to her lips. “Take a bite.”

After she did, he popped the remainder into his mouth and gave her a roguish grin. “That’s the sweetest it’s ever tasted.”

Pink suffused her cheeks at his comment and the heated look he gave her. “For an upstanding citizen and respected banker in this town, I think you could be quite scandalous, given the opportunity.”

Grant winked at her and popped a peppermint into his mouth. “Only with the right girl. I wouldn’t scandalize just anyone, you know.”

 

  What's your favorite type of candy (vintage or otherwise)?

 

A hopeless romantic with a bit of sarcasm thrown in for good measure, Shanna Hatfield is a bestselling author of sweet romantic fiction written with a healthy dose of humor. In addition to blogging and eating too much chocolate, she is completely smitten with her husband, lovingly known as Captain Cavedweller.

Shanna creates character-driven romances with realistic heroes and heroines. Her historical westerns have been described as “reminiscent of the era captured by Bonanza and The Virginian” while her contemporary works have been called “laugh-out-loud funny, and a little heart-pumping sexy without being explicit in any way.”

She is a member of Western Writers of America, Women Writing the West, and Romance Writers of America.

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